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When it can act as a Bronsted acid (donates a proton) or a Bronsted base (accepts a proton)

amphiprotic substances are ions or molecules that can behave as a Bronsted acid or base.
i.e. water

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  1. water is acting as an acid as it donates a proton to ammonia
    ##H_2O_”(l)” + NH_(3 “(aq)”) rarr OH^(-)._”(aq)” + NH_4^+._(“(aq)”)##

  2. Water is acting as a base when it accepts a proton from hydrochloric acid.
    ##H_2O + HCl rarr H_3O^+ + Cl^-##

Another example of an amphiprotic substance is dihydrogen phosphate, ##H_2PO_4^-##

homework help 2554

 
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