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Motivating Employees Through Job Design Managing successfully in today’s business environment requires striking a balance between efficiency and motivation; simply figuring out the best way to perform a job is not enough. To compete for and retain top talent, companies need to design jobs that employees find interesting and satisfying. The Job Characteristics Model, developed by Richard Hackman and Greg Oldham, puts forward five key characteristics to motivate employees: skill variety, task identity, task significance, autonomy, and feedback. Review the section on “Designing Jobs That Motivate.” This activity is important because you will look at several practical methods of job design that attempt to achieve one or more of these characteristics. The goal of this activity is to identify approaches to designing a job to make it motivating. Read each question HR professionals must answer, then match it to the correct functional area of HR it represents. 1. Nick observes that the defect rate on his night production line keeps going up. His employees tell him that it is hard to stay focused doing the same thing over and over late at night. Job Enlargement 2. Store policy requires that all refunds are authorized by a manager, but this can be very frustrating for both cashiers and customers when checkout lines are long. Job Enrichment 3. An office manager notices that several employees are regularly late to work. She learns that they have young children, and the schools’ start times make it difficult to get to work on time. Flextime 4. An account manager is quitting because her spouse found a new job in a different state. Her boss hates to lose her because she is an excellent contributor and does not mind the travel involved. Telework 5. Sam’s staff is very loyal and productive, but they seem to be bored at work lately. No one has asked for more responsibility, but they must be kept engaged or production will suffer. (Click to select) 6. Bill directly supervises four people, but it is his supervisor who actually prepares their performance appraisals. Bill feels this undercuts his authority with his staff. (Click to select) v 7. Val’s employees are frustrated because they need to use sick days for parent-teacher conferences and doctor’s appointments. Val doesn’t like it either, but she is unsure how to handle it. (Click to select) v 8. Usually, most desks in Anna’s office are empty while people are out on sales calls. But when it is time to prepare monthly reports, the staff members are constantly bumping into one another

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According to Gartner Inc., the largest share of the worldwide PC market is held by Hewlett-Packard with 18.4%. Suppose that a market researcher believes that Hewlett Packard holds a higher share of the market in the northern region of Europe. To verify this theory, he randomly selects 428 people who purchased a personal computer in the last month in the northern region of Europe. Eighty-four of these purchases were Hewlett-Packard computers. Using a 1% level of significance, test the market researcher’s theory. What is the probability of making a Type I error? If the market share is really 0.21 in the north-west region of Europe, what is the probability of making a Type II error?

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Living Alone? In 2000, 25.8% of Americans 15 years of age or older lived alone, according to the Census Bureau. A sociologist, who believes that this percentage is greater today, conducts a random sample of 400 Americans 15 years of age or older and finds that 164 are living alone.

(a) If the proportion of Americans aged 15 years or older living alone is 0.258, compute the following expected numbers: Americans 15 years of age or older who live alone; Americans 15 years of age or older who do not live alone.

(b) Test the sociologist’s belief at the  level of significance using the goodness-of-fit test.

(c) Test the belief by using the approach presented in Section 10.2.

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Bern Fly Rod Company

Bern Fly Rod Company is a small manufacturer of high-quality graphite, fly-fishing rods. It sells its products to fly-fishing shops throughout the United States and Canada. Bern began as a small company with four salespeople, all family members of the owner. Due to the high popularity and recent growth in fly-fishing, Bern now employs a sales force of sixteen and for the first time employs nonfamily members. The salespeople travel around the country giving fly-casting demos of their new models. Once the sales orders are generated, inventory availability is determined and, if necessary, the salesperson sends the order directly to the manufacturing department for immediate production. Sales staff compensation is tied directly to their sales figures. Bern’s financial statements for the December year-end reflect unprecedented sales, 35 percent higher than last year. Further, sales for December account for 40 percent of all sales. Last year, December sales accounted for only 20 percent of all sales.

Required:

Analyze the above situation and assess any potential internal control issues and exposures. Discuss some preventive measures this firm may wish to implement.

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