Essential difference between apes and hominins

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Essential difference between apes and hominins. 1.  

Pigeon breeders prize certain looks of their pigeons. They know that pairing certain pigeons results in offspring that exemplify the looks of their parents. Which of Darwin’s four observations applies to this this example?

    Observation 1
    Observation 2
    Observation 3
    Observation 4

1. Which of the following is an essential difference between apes and hominins?

    The amount of hair
    Apes are kept in zoos
    Relative strength
    The way they walk

 

 

Question 8

Pine trees that are too tall or too short do not do as well as pine trees that are average in height. The short trees do not get as much light as tall or average trees. The tall trees are more likely to break off in storms. Tell how this is an example of stabilizing selection. Be sure to define stabilizing selection in your answer.

 

 

 

QUESTION 9

1. There is a moth in England called the peppered moth. Before Britain’s industrial revolution, these moths were usually salt and pepper colored. Because of their coloring, they blended in well with the tree trunks on which they tended to rest. The coloring helped them hide from the birds that ate them. During the British industrial revolution, industry expelled a lot of soot from the burning of coal into the environment. This soot darkened the tree trunks, and it was noted that black-colored moths were becoming predominant. The idea is that with soot in the environment, black-colored moths fared better than light-colored moths. There is some debate as to whether this is actually the case or not, but for the sake of this question, let’s assume it is. In your own words, explain the concepts from the four observations discussed in 12.2 using the moth as an example. In other words, how does the moth illustrate the first observation, the second observation, etc.? Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

 

 

QUESTION 10

1. Explain how homology is different from convergent evolution and give examples. Briefly define homology and convergent evolution in your explanation. Your response must be at least 200 words in length.

Essential difference between apes and hominins

 
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Statistical Bioinformatics

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Statistical Bioinformatics. Homework 1

Question 1 (10pts)
a) What is probability of observing 61325 when rolling fair dice?

Probabilities for fair dice: P(1)=P(2)=P(3)=P(4)=P(5)=P(6)=1/6

b) What is probability of observing 61325 when rolling loaded dice?

Probabilities for fair dice: P(1)=P(2)=P(3)=P(4)=P(5)= 0.1 and P(6)=0.5

Question 2 (50pts). On a hypothetical island virus outbreak becomes a threat of future pandemic. Researchers have narrowed down the cause of outbreak to two viruses (virus 1 and virus 2). The DNA sequencing lab receives a sample for further analysis. Unfortunately, the sample was contaminated and the removal of foreign DNA leaves the lab with a short DNA fragment: AGTAGCTTCCAG. Given all available information (provided below) how can lab determine the type of the virus that caused the outbreak.

Nucleotide probabilities of virus1
P(A)=P(T) =0.3
P(G)=P(C) = 0.2
Nucleotide probabilities of virus 2
P(A)=P(T)=P(G)=P(C)= .25

Assume:

– Virus 1 and Virus 2 are equally likely to occur in nature.
– nucleotides are independent and identically distributed.

Question 3 (40 pts)
Align two sequences shown below using Needelman Wunsch algorithm.
Use match score of 4, mismatch score of -4 and gap penalty score of -2.

Show:
a) dynamic programming matrix with scores (as it shown in Figure 6.1, Ewens or in Figure 2.5, Durbin which is available under Course Content.)
b) trace back pointers
c) alignment score

sequences:
sequence 1:
AGAGCTCACAA

 

sequence 2:
AGTAGCTTCCAAA

Statistical Bioinformatics

 
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Human Pathophysiology Discussion Questions

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Human Pathophysiology Discussion Questions.

Reproductive Disorders

Jane, aged 23 years, tested positive for gonorrhea a year ago. Her partner was also diagnosed with penicillinase producing N. gonorrhoeae, and was given antibiotics. However, on the same day, Jane was taken to the ER with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. Her cervical smear test revealed N. gonorrhoeaeas well as other bacteria.

  • What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea in a male and in a female?
  • How does gonorrhea lead to PID?
  • Is there any peritonitis involved?
  • Will Jane develop infertility?
  • What are drug-resistant bacteria?

Your responses should clarify your understanding of the topic. They should be your own, original and free from plagiarism. Use correct medical terminology, spelling, and grammar.

This assignment is due tomorrow night at 11:59pm. If you can not follow instructions please do not accept bid.

Reproductive Disorders

Jane, aged 23 years, tested positive for gonorrhea a year ago. Her partner was also diagnosed with penicillinase producing N. gonorrhoeae, and was given antibiotics. However, on the same day, Jane was taken to the ER with severe abdominal pain and vomiting. Her cervical smear test revealed N. gonorrhoeaeas well as other bacteria.

  • What are the signs and symptoms of gonorrhea in a male and in a female?
  • How does gonorrhea lead to PID?
  • Is there any peritonitis involved?
  • Will Jane develop infertility?
  • What are drug-resistant bacteria?

Your responses should clarify your understanding of the topic. They should be your own, original and free from plagiarism. Use correct medical terminology, spelling, and grammar.

This assignment is due tomorrow night at 11:59pm. If you can not follow instructions please do not accept bid.

Human Pathophysiology Discussion Questions

 
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The Cell, Lokiarcharum, and rRNA”

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The Cell, Lokiarcharum, and rRNA”. The Cell, Lokiarcharum, and rRNA”

For your primary post, please respond to one of the following three topics with a post of at least 125 words that addresses each point given in the instructions.

Topic 1

: Introduction to the Cell. Watch the Khan Academy video “Introduction to the cell” (1)* and then address the following issues.

  • (a) In the video, the narrator says that we might think that since cells are so small, that they must be simple, but “nothing could be further from the truth.” What did he mean by that?
  • (b) Describe features that are only found in eukaryotic (but not prokaryotic) cells.
  • (c) Did anything in this video surprise you, or was it mainly a recap of material you already knew?

Topic 2 [article]: Lokiarchaeum. Read about Lokiarcheum in the article by Yong (2)* and/or the article by Zimmer (3)*. Both articles describe recently discovered evidence about a previously unknown organism. Then, address the following issues:

  • (a) Lokiarchaeum may be a “transitional form” between archaea and eukarya. What evidence suggests this?
  • (b) Describe one way that this relates to this week’s lesson.
  • (c) Cite whichever article you use. If you use both, cite them both. There’s no particular reason why you should need any other source, but if you do use any other source, you must cite it, too.

Topic 3 [research]: Carl Woese. Carl Woese (b. 1928, d. 2012) worked out a new method for classifying organisms based on RNA from their ribosomes. This is called ribosomal RNA (rRNA). Research Carl Woese’s research on the Internet, and then address the following issues:

  • (a) Describe the basic logic of this Woese’s approach. In other words, how can you tell if two organisms are closely-related or distantly-related from their rRNA?
  • (b) Name one of Woese’s most important findings.
  • (c) Describe one way that this relates to this week’s lesson.
  • (d) Don’t forget to cite your source or sources!

References ( Use this format).

  1. Khan Academy, November 29, 2017. Introduction to the cell,  https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=5KfHxF6Vhps
  2. Ed Yong, May 6, 2015. New Loki microbe is closest relative to all complex life,  http://phenomena.nationalgeographic.com/2015/05/06/new-loki-microbe-is-closest-relative-to-all-complex-life/
  3. Carl Zimmer, May 6, 2015, Under the sea, a missing link in the evolution of complex cells, http://www.nytimes.com/2015/05/07/science/under-the-sea-a-missing-link-in-the-evolution-of-complex-cells.html?_r=0

The Cell, Lokiarcharum, and rRNA”

 
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